The barriers individuals from marginalized communities disproportionately face, including limited educational opportunities, access to quality education and vocational training, can result in unequal skill development and hinder economic mobility.

Individuals from communities of color sometimes face challenges in accessing capital, resources, and support for starting and growing businesses, contributing to disparities in business ownership

Historical and ongoing discriminatory practices, such as redlining and limited access to affordable credit may hinder economic growth and investment in communities of color. Unequal access to economic opportunities has resulted in disparities in wealth accumulation among different racial and ethnic groups.

Housing discrimination and disparities in homeownership contribute to economic inequalities. Unequal access to housing opportunities can impact property values, neighborhood development, and individuals' ability to build wealth through homeownership.

Discrimination in the workplace, including hiring practices, job opportunities, and wage gaps, can limit career advancement for individuals from marginalized communities, leading to economic inequalities. Limited access to quality healthcare may result in higher healthcare costs, productivity losses, and economic challenges for individuals and communities.

Systemic racism within the criminal justice system has economic implications that go beyond incarceration. Over-policing, mass incarceration, and disparities in sentencing can disrupt communities and limit economic opportunities for individuals with criminal records.

Many voter suppression efforts have historically targeted communities of color. Policies such as restrictive voter ID laws, gerrymandering, and reductions in early voting opportunities disproportionately affect these communities, making it more challenging for people of color to participate in elections.

Gerrymandering, a practice often influenced by systemic racism, can distort voting districts to dilute the political power of communities of color. The process impacts the representation of people of color in legislative bodies and can lead to unequal political influence.

Voter education and outreach efforts, insufficient resources and cultural insensitivity in voter education campaigns may hinder engagement and participation in the electoral process among communities of color.

Systemic racism can manifest into barriers to voter registration. Policies and practices that make it difficult to register to vote, such as strict registration requirements, disproportionately affect marginalized communities.

Systemic racism can also contribute to disparities in access to polling places. Communities of color may face obstacles such as longer wait times, limited polling locations, and inadequate resources, impacting the ability of residents to exercise their right to vote.

Additionally, systemic racism is reflected in felony disenfranchisement laws that disproportionately impact Black and Hispanic communities. These laws vary by state but can lead to the disenfranchisement of a significant number of individuals, particularly men of color.

Systemic racism intersects with campaign finance disparities. Communities of color may face challenges in fundraising and supporting candidates, impacting their ability to compete effectively in elections.

Historically, systemic racism has contributed to disparities in access to basic infrastructure, including electricity. Some communities, often communities of color, face challenges in accessing reliable and affordable electricity infrastructure.

There may be disparities in the provision of utility services, like electricity, based on systemic inequalities. Discriminatory practices or neglect in certain neighborhoods can result in inadequate or unreliable electricity services.

Economic disparities influenced by systemic racism can impact the affordability of electricity for individuals and communities of color. Limited economic opportunities can result in higher proportions of income being spent on utility bills, affecting energy access.

Systemic racism can also intersect with environmental justice issues related to electricity production. Power plants and energy infrastructure are sometimes located in or near communities of color, leading to environmental hazards and health risks.

Communities of color sometimes face barriers in adopting and benefiting from clean energy solutions, perpetuating reliance on traditional and potentially less sustainable energy sources.

Vulnerabilities in the electricity grid can disproportionately impact marginalized communities. Systemic inequalities can contribute to disparities in grid resilience, leaving certain neighborhoods more susceptible to power outages during emergencies.

Systemic racism can indirectly influence various aspects of infrastructure, including buildings and transportation systems where elevators are installed. Historic discriminatory practices in housing and urban planning has lead to unequal distribution of elevators in some neighborhoods, impacting accessibility for residents.

Neglected neighborhoods, often communities of color, may face challenges in the maintenance and upkeep of buildings, potentially affecting the reliability and safety of elevators.

In some cases, systemic racism can affect the accessibility and maintenance of transportation systems, including elevators in subway stations or public buildings. Limited investment in infrastructure in certain neighborhoods may impact the availability and condition of elevators.

Systemic racism can manifest in discriminatory hiring practices. Individuals of color can face bias in recruitment, hiring decisions, and promotion processes, limiting their access to job opportunities.

Wage gaps persist as a result of systemic racism. In many cases, individuals from communities of color often earn lower wages for similar work compared to their white counterparts. The wage disparity can contribute to long-term economic inequalities. Limited access to educational resources may impact individuals' ability to acquire the education, skills, and qualifications needed for certain jobs, contributing to employment disparities.

Systemic racism can contribute to the concentration of individuals from specific racial or ethnic backgrounds in lower-paying or less prestigious jobs, limiting upward mobility.

Discrimination within the workplace, including microaggressions, unequal treatment, and limited opportunities for professional development, can create a hostile work environment for individuals from marginalized communities.

Systemic racism also contributes to higher unemployment rates among certain racial and ethnic groups. Discriminatory practices in hiring, layoffs, and workforce reductions can disproportionately affect individuals from communities of color. Additionally, individuals from marginalized communities may face barriers to promotions and career advancement, limiting their ability to reach leadership positions.

Communities of color sometimes face barriers to accessing and benefiting from clean and renewable energy sources. Systemic inequalities can contribute to limited access to sustainable and affordable energy solutions, perpetuating reliance on traditional and potentially harmful energy sources.

Systemic racism can contribute to disparities in the environmental impact of energy projects. Historically, certain communities, often communities of color, have been disproportionately affected by the siting of energy facilities, leading to health risks and environmental degradation. Certain communities, often communities of color, may bear a disproportionate burden of environmental hazards and pollution from energy production facilities.

Neglected neighborhoods may face challenges in accessing reliable and resilient energy services, and the development and maintenance of energy infrastructure, impacting overall community well-being.

Economic disparities influenced by systemic racism can impact the affordability of energy for individuals and communities. Limited economic opportunities may result in higher proportions of income being spent on energy bills, affecting energy access and contributing to energy poverty.

Entrepreneurs from communities of color may face disproportionate challenges in accessing business support services. Limited resources, mentorship opportunities, and networking avenues can impact the growth and success of businesses owned by individuals who experience systemic racism. Discriminatory lending practices, limited access to loans, and lack of venture capital opportunities can hinder the ability of entrepreneurs of color to start and expand businesses.

Bias in business transactions, procurement practices, and customer preferences can further limit the growth and market share of businesses owned by entrepreneurs of color.

Systemic biases can create barriers to fair and equal treatment in the business environment. Entrepreneurs of color may experience discrimination in business interactions, including negotiations, partnerships, and collaborations. Entrepreneurs from communities of color may face challenges in building professional relationships and accessing networks that could provide valuable support for business growth.

Systemic racism often intersects with environmental justice issues. Communities of color may bear a disproportionate burden of environmental hazards, pollution, and exposure to toxins. Industrial facilities and waste disposal sites are sometimes located in or near these communities, leading to adverse health effects and environmental degradation.

Communities of color may also face disparities in access to clean air and water. Systemic inequalities can contribute to the siting of industrial facilities and pollution sources near these communities, leading to air and water pollution that adversely affects residents' health and well-being.

The impacts of climate change can also disproportionately affect communities of color. These communities may be more vulnerable to extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and other climate-related challenges, often due to historical and ongoing systemic injustices that result in inadequate infrastructure and limited resources for adaptation.

Systemic racism can contribute to disparities in access to green spaces and recreational areas. Neglected neighborhoods, often communities of color, may have limited access to parks and green spaces, affecting residents' overall well-being and opportunities for outdoor recreation.

Discriminatory policies and practices influenced by systemic racism, such as redlining and discriminatory housing practices, can perpetuate the displacement of communities. Gentrification may lead to changes in land use that impact the environment and contribute to the loss of cultural and community ties.

Historical housing discrimination, including redlining and discriminatory lending practices, have contributed to ongoing disparities in housing opportunities, impacting the ability of communities of color to secure stable housing.

Discriminatory practices and policies can limit housing options for individuals from marginalized communities, leading to a higher risk of eviction due to financial challenges and limited affordable housing options.

Economic disparities can impact the ability to maintain stable housing. Limited economic opportunities, wage gaps, and systemic barriers to employment may contribute to financial instability, making individuals more vulnerable to eviction.

Access to quality education can impact future earning potential and housing stability. Limited educational opportunities may contribute to economic challenges that increase the risk of eviction.

Individuals with involvement in the criminal justice system, often from communities of color, can face barriers to housing. Discrimination based on criminal records can contribute to difficulties in securing housing and increase the risk of eviction.

Discriminatory housing policies, practices, and landlords may disproportionately affect communities of color. Systemic racism can contribute to biased decision-making in rental markets, leading to unfair eviction practices.

Gentrification can contribute to the displacement of residents from historically marginalized neighborhoods. As areas undergo gentrification, housing costs may rise, and existing residents may face eviction due to economic pressures.

Systemic racism can contribute to disparities in access to safe and well-maintained recreational spaces. Communities of color may have limited access to parks, sports facilities, and other areas conducive to exercise, impacting opportunities for physical activity.

The availability and quality of sports and exercise programs in schools and communities, limited resources, and opportunities for organized sports can impact the development of physical skills and engagement in regular exercise.

Disparities in access to sports facilities, gyms, and fitness centers, and limited availability of affordable and well-equipped facilities can also hinder individuals from engaging in regular exercise.

Healthcare disparities can influence individuals' access to preventive care and health resources. Limited access to healthcare may impact individuals' ability to address health issues that could affect their ability to exercise.

Social determinants of health, including economic inequalities and systemic barriers, can impact the ability to engage in regular exercise. Individuals facing systemic challenges may prioritize immediate needs over activities like exercise.

Healthcare disparities foster limited access to preventive and specialty healthcare services. Individuals from marginalized communities may face barriers to accessing eye care, leading to undiagnosed and untreated eye conditions.

Systemic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, which are associated with systemic racism and health disparities, can impact eye health. Diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy are examples of conditions that can affect the eyes and vision.

Economic disparities can also impact individuals' ability to afford eye care services, including regular eye exams and necessary treatments. Lack of financial resources may result in delayed or inadequate vision correction services, affecting overall eye health.

Certain occupations may expose individuals to eye health risks, and systemic racism can contribute to disparities in occupational opportunities and workplace safety. Individuals in marginalized communities may face greater risks without adequate protection for their eye health.

Limited access to culturally competent health education may result in lower awareness of the importance of eye care practices and preventive measures.